|
Type of Study |
Purpose |
Research Design |
|
Descriptive |
to
describe conditions and activities |
survey case
study/ethnography |
|
Exploratory |
to
develop theory |
case
study/ethnography |
|
Explanatory |
to
test theories and hypotheses about causal relationships |
experimental survey |
|
Evaluation |
to
evaluate effectiveness of program/intervention |
experimental
survey case
study/ethnography |
Key Differences Among Research Designs
|
|
Experimental |
Survey |
Case study/ethnography |
|
Purpose |
Explanatory Evaluation |
Descriptive Explanatory Evaluation |
Descriptive Exploratory Evaluation |
|
Sampling |
Purposefull Availability |
Probability Purposefull |
Purposefull Availability |
|
Types of data |
Observations Interviews Tests/Inventories |
Questionnaires Tests Achival data |
Observations Inteviews Questionnaires Archival data Artifacts |
|
Types of analysis |
Statistical |
Statistical |
Content/domain Statistical |
Types of Data Used in Research Designs
|
Types
of data |
Experimental |
Survey |
Case study/ethnography |
|
1. Observations --structured --unstructured |
X |
|
X |
|
2. Interviews --structured --unstructured |
X |
|
X |
|
3. Questionnaires |
|
X |
|
|
4. Tests/inventories |
X |
X |
|
|
5. Archival data --numerical
data --documents |
|
X |
X |
|
6. Artifacts |
|
|
X |