202 C The Development of Writing Abilities

Fall 2004 Thursday 9-11:50 Phelps 2532

C. Bazerman Office: Phelps 2313 by appointment

phone: 893-7543 email: bazerman@education.ucsb.edu

This course examines the research literature on the development of writing abilities in and outside of school from early through advanced adult competence. The learning of writing has mostly been examined at specific moments, typically limited by the length of a term or school year. Longitudinal studies are few, and further those typically are bounded by institutional boundaries, most often the four years of university. This course will take a lifespan developmental approach to synthesize the various research literatures on learning writing ranging from Pre-K emergent literacy through schooling, university, workplace, adult personal uses of writing, and gerontological uses of writing. We will pay attention to different research methods and theoretical orientations as well as findings; we will also identify questions and projects for further research. Each student will be expected do a preliminary empirical study of some aspect of writing development.

Required Texts

At campus store:

Deborah Brandt. Literacy in American Lives. Cambridge University Press, 2001. Paper.

Anne Haas Dyson. The Brothers and Sisters Learn to Write. Teachers College Press, 2003. Paper.

From AS photocopy: Reader.

Webboard

http://www.lsit.ucsb.edu/php-all/forums/postlist.php?Cat=&Board=literacy&page=0&view=collapsed&sb=5

or http://www.lsit.ucsb.edu/php-all/forums/wwwthreads.php?Cat =

click on literacy

Assignments:

Read required articles for each week.

Summarize and present recommended articles as assigned--then post summary to webboard.

Post class summary for one week's discussion.

Writing Autobiography in relation to the reading due 11/7.

Major Project due 12/9.

Writing Autobiography in relation to the reading--due 11/7

Reflect for about five pages on what light the research we have been reading sheds on your own development as a writer. Consider, for example, whether and how you went through the developmental trajectories described in the literature. Or consider whether there were other aspects to your writing development at some period in your life that is not reflected in the literature studying that life period. Feel free to try different approaches to this question--so long as you engage seriously with at least three of the texts we have read and you provide some detailed relevant autobiographical material.

Major Project--due 12/9

Do a study of an individual at some point in development. Gather, examine, and analyze data about that person's writing and learning of writing from a developmental perspective. You might consider questions such as: What can the subject already do? How does what the subject currently can do shape current learning and writing? What developmental constraints and opportunities frame current writing motives, directions, focuses? What is the leading activity in writing and learning? What competences are assumed? What is developing tacitly? What is static? What trajectories set in motion in prior development bear on the current writing moment? Where do people gain support, motive, knowledge for current work? Where does the development seem to be heading in the next stage of writing? What theoretical constructs best explain prior or current writing development?

Topics and Readings

1 - 9/23. Situated Literacy and Situated Lives

REQ: Deborah Brandt. Literacy in American Lives . Cambridge University Press, 2001. Intro & Chap 1-3 Pp. 1-104

2 - 9/30. Situated Literacy and Situated Lives

REQ: Deborah Brandt. Literacy in American Lives. Chap 4-end. Pp. 105-207

Arthur Applebee. "Alternative Models of Writing Development." In Writing: Research/ Theory/Practice . Ed. R. Indrisano and J. Squire. Newark DE: IRA, 2000.

3 - 10/7. Before Writing and Emergent Literacy

REQ: Handbook of Early Childhood Literacy (ed. Hall, Larson, and Marsh). Sage 2003.

1. Julia Gillen and Nigel Hall.The Emergence of Early Childhood Literacy. 3-12

22. Deborah Wells Rowe. The Nature of Young Children's Authoring. 258-270

23. Patricia L. Scharer and Jerry Zutell. The Development of Spelling. 271-286

24. Frances Christie. Writing the World. 287-298.

Stuart McNaughton. Patterns of Emergent Literacy. Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1995. 124-143.

Nigel Hall. The Emergence of Literacy . London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1987. 41-54.

Jean Hudson. "Catherine's Story." In Worlds of Literacy . Ed M. Hamilton, D. Barton, & R. Ivanic. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 1994. 188-194.

Lev S. Vygotsky. "The Prehistory of Written Language." Mind in Society . Cambridge MA.: Harvard, 1978. 105-119.

4 - 10/14. Writing in the Early School Years

REQ: Developmental Aspects in Learning to Write (ed. Tolchinsky) Kluwer, 2001

Liliana Tolchinsky. Introduction. 1-10

Clotilde Pontecorvo & Franca Rossi. Absence, Negation, ... 13-31.

Ana Sandbank. On the Interplay of Genre and Writing . 55-75

Tolchinsky & Cintas. Development of Graphic Words in Written Spanish. 77-95

Pilar LaCasa et al. Talking and Writing, 133-162.

Linda J. Caswell and Nell K. Duke. "Non-Narrative as a Catalyst for Literacy

Development." Language Arts 75:2 (1998): 108-117.

Dian Jones and Carol A. Christensen. "Relationship between Automaticity in Handwriting and Students' Ability to Generate Written Text." Journal of Educational Psychology 91: 1 (1999): 44-49.

Joanne Larson. "Analyzing Participation Frameworks in Kindergarten Writing Activity." Written Communication 16:2 (1999): 225-257.

George Kamberlis. "Genre Development and Learning." Research in the Teaching of English 33:4 (1999): 403-460.

Julie Martello . "In their own words: Children's perceptions of learning to write." Australian Journal of Early Childhood 24:3 (1999): 32

Rebecca Treiman and Marie Cassar. "Spelling Acquisition in English." In Learning to Spell ." Ed. C. Perfetti, L Rieben, M Fayol. Mahwah NJ: LEA, 1997. 61-80.

Sofia Vernon and Emilia Ferreiro. "Writing Development: A Neglected Variable in the Consideration of Phonological Awareness." Harvard Educational Review 69:4 (1999): 395-415.

Julie E. Wollman-Bonilla. "Teaching Science Writing to First Graders: Genre Learning and Recontextualization." Research in the Teaching of English 33:2 (1998): 158-180.

5 - 10/21. Writing in the Early School Years II

REQ: Anne Haas Dyson The Brothers and Sisters Learn to Write. Chs 1, 2, 3, 7, 8

Anne Haas Dyson The Brothers and Sisters Learn to Write Chap 4, 5, 6

6 - 10/28. Middle School: Classroom and Community Practices

REQ: Margaret Finders. "Just Girls." Written Communication 13:1 (1996): 93-129.

REQ: Linda Webster and Paul Ammon, "Linking Writing to Cognitive Development." Research in the Teaching of English 28:1 (1994): 89-109

REQ: Judy Abbott. (2000). "'Blinking Out' and 'Having the Touch.'" Written Communication 17:1 53-92.

Gunther Kress. Learning to Write . London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982. Chapters 4, 5 & 8. 70-115; 178-193.

Ronald Carter. "Good Word!" in Reading Children's Writing . John Harris and Jeff Wilkinson. London: Allen & Unwin, 1986 .93-121.

John Harris. "Organization in Children's Writing" in Reading Children's Writing . John Harris and Jeff Wilkinson. London: Allen & Unwin, 1986.46-73.

Deborah McCutcheon. "Domain Knowledge and Linguistic Knowledge in the Development of Writing Ability." Journal of Memory and Language 25 (1986): 431-444.

James Moffett. Teaching the Universe of Discourse . Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1968. 14-59.

Fiona Omerod and Roz Ivanic. "Texts in Practice." in Situated Literacies , ed. D. Barton, M. Hamilton, R. Ivanic . London: Routledge, 2000. 91-107

7 - 11/4. Atypical Development

REQ: Connie Mayer. "Deaf Children Learn to Spell." Research in the Teaching of English 35:1. (2000): 35-65.

REQ: Teri Chavkin. Searching for Words: The Writing Processes of a Child with High-Functioning Autism. Unpublished Manuscript. 2004.

REQ: Steve Graham & Karen Harris. "Students with Learning Disabilities and the Process of Writing." Handbook of Learning Disabilities . New York: Guilford, 2003. 323-344.

REQ: Virginia Berninger & Dagmarr Amtmann. "Preventing Written Expression Disabilities..." Handbook of Learning Disabilities . New York: Guilford, 2003. 345-363.

Phyllis Newcomer and Edna Barenbaum. "The Written Composing Ability of Children with Learning Disabilities: A Review of the Literature from 1980-1990." Journal of Learning Disabilities 24:10 (1991): 578-593.

8 - 11/18. Secondary School

REQ: James Britton et al . The Development of Writing Abilities. (11-18). Macmillan, 1975. 106-190.

Gaynor C. Jeffrey & Geoffrey Underwood. "Combining Ideas in Written Text: The Role of Working Memory in the Development of a Writing Skill." In Current Trends in Writing Research . Ed. G. Rijlaarsdam et al. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 1995.

David Moore and James Cunningham. "Agency and Adolescent Literacy." In Reconceptualizing Literacies in Adolescents' Lives. Mahwah NY: LEA , 1998. 283-302.

Tony Scott. "Creating the Subject of Portfolios." RTE, forthcoming.

Peter Smagorinsky. "Personal Growth in Social Context." Written Communication 14:1 (1997): 63-105

9- 12/2. College Writing Graduate and Professional Training

REQ: Lee Anne Carroll . Rehearsing New Roles. So. Illinois UP, 2002. Ch 3 &4. 47-117

REQ: Anne Herrington and Marcia Curtis. Persons in Process. NCTE, 2000. Ch. 2 & 4.

Katrina M. Powell. "Participant and Institutional Identity: Self-representation Across Multiple Genres at a Catholic College" Writing Selves/Writing Society . Bazerman, Charles, and Russell, David. Fort Collins, Colorado: The WAC Clearinghouse 2002. Available at http://wac.colostate.edu/books/selves_society/

Janet Giltrow. "Legends of the Centre: system, self, and linguistic consciousness."

Writing Selves/Writing Society . http://wac.colostate.edu/books/selves_society/

Marilyn S. Sternglass. Time to Know Them : A Longitudinal Study of Writing and Learning at the College Level . Lawrence Erlbaum, 1997. Chs 2 & 3.

Richard Hasswell. "Documenting Improvement in College Writing." Written Communication 17:3 (2000): 307-352.

Ann Blakeslee. Activity, Context, Interaction, and authority: Learning to Write Scientific Papers in Situ. Journal of Business and Technical Communication 11:2 (1997): 125-169

Patrick Dias et al. Worlds Apart. Mahwah NJ: Erlbaum, 1999. 183-221.

Paul Prior. "Trajectories of Participation: Two Paths to the MA." Writing/Disciplinarity. Mahwah NJ: Erlbaum, 1999. 99-134.

10 - 12/9. Adult Literacies

REQ: Anne Beaufort. "Learning the Trade." Written Communication 17:2 (2000): 185-223.

REQ: Paul Prior and Jody Shipka . "Chronotopic Lamination: Tracing the Contours of

Literate Activity." Writing Selves/Writing Society .

http://wac.colostate.edu/books/selves_society/

REQ: Catherine Schryer and Lorelei Lingard. " Structure and Agency in Medical Case

Presentations." Writing Selves/Writing Society .

http://wac.colostate.edu/books/selves_society/

David Barton. Local Literacies . Routledge, 1998. Chapters 6, 8.

Britt-Louise Gunnarsson. The Writing Process from a Sociolinguistic Viewpoint . Written Communication 14:2 (1997): 139-188.

Joseph Little. "Trauma Writing ." Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Graduate English Society Conference. Lubbock TX: Texas Tech, 2000. 222-230.

Emily F. Nye. "The More I Tell My Story." Writing and Healing. Ed. C. M. Anderson and M. M. MacCurdy. Urbana Il: NCTE, 2000. 385-415.

Emily F. Nye. "A Freirean Approach to Working with Elders: conscientizacao at the Jewish community center." Journal of Aging Studies 12:2 (1998): 107ff.

Ruth Ray. "Feminist Readings of Older Women's Life Stories." Journal of Aging Studies 12:2 (1998): 117-127.

TBA. Conclusion and Presentations of Major Projects

READER Fall 2004

Education 202 C. The Development of Writing Abilities

Arthur Applebee. "Alternative Models of Writing Development." In Writing: Research/ Theory/Practice . Ed. R. Indrisano and J. Squire. Newark DE: IRA, 2000.

Handbook of Early Childhood Literacy (ed. Hall, Larson, and Marsh). Sage 2003.

1. Julia Gillen & Nigel Hall. "The Emergence of Early Childhood Literacy." 3-12

22. Deborah Wells Rowe. "The Nature of Young Children's Authoring." 258-270

23. Patricia L. Scharer & Jerry Zutell. "The Development of Spelling." 271-286

24. Frances Christie. "Writing the World." 287-298.

Stuart McNaughton. Patterns of Emergent Literacy. Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1995. 124-143.

Nigel Hall. The Emergence of Literacy . London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1987. 41-54.

Jean Hudson. "Catherine's Story." In Worlds of Literacy . Ed M. Hamilton, D. Barton, & R. Ivanic. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 1994. 188-194.

Lev S. Vygotsky. "The Prehistory of Written Language." Mind in Society . Cambridge MA.: Harvard, 1978. 105-119.

Developmental Aspects in Learning to Write (ed. Tolchinsky) Kluwer, 2001

Liliana Tolchinsky. "Introduction" 1-10

Clotilde Pontecorvo & Franca Rossi. "Absence, Negation, ..." 13-31.

Ana Sandbank. "On the Interplay of Genre and Writing" 55-75

Tolchinsky & Cintas. "Development of Graphic Words in Written Spanish" 77-95

Pilar LaCasa et al. "Talking and Writing" 133-162.

Linda J. Caswell and Nell K. Duke. "Non-Narrative as a Catalyst for Literacy

Development." Language Arts 75:2 (1998): 108-117.

Dian Jones and Carol A. Christensen. "Relationship between Automaticity in Handwriting and Students' Ability to Generate Written Text." Journal of Educational Psychology 91: 1 (1999): 44-49.

Joanne Larson. "Analyzing Participation Frameworks in Kindergarten Writing Activity." Written Communication 16:2 (1999): 225-257.

George Kamberlis. "Genre Development and Learning." Research in the Teaching of English 33:4 (1999): 403-460.

Julie Martello . "In their own words: Children's perceptions of learning to write." Australian Journal of Early Childhood 24:3 (1999): 32

Rebecca Treiman & Marie Cassar. "Spelling Acquisition in English." In Learning to Spell ." Ed. C. Perfetti, L Rieben, M Fayol. Mahwah NJ: LEA, 1997. 61-80.

Sofia Vernon and Emilia Ferreiro. "Writing Development: A Neglected Variable in the Consideration of Phonological Awareness." Harvard Educational Review 69:4 (1999): 395-415.

Julie E. Wollman-Bonilla. "Teaching Science Writing to First Graders: Genre Learning and Recontextualization." Research in the Teaching of English 33:2 (1998): 158-180.

Margaret Finders. "Just Girls." Written Communication 13:1 (1996): 93-129.

Linda Webster and Paul Ammon, "Linking Writing to Cognitive Development." Research in the Teaching of English 28:1 (1994): 89-109

Judy Abbott. (2000). "'Blinking Out' and 'Having the Touch.'" Written Communication 17:1 53-92.

Gunther Kress. Learning to Write . London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982. Chapters 4, 5 & 8. 70-115; 178-193.

Ronald Carter. "Good Word!" in Reading Children's Writing . John Harris and Jeff Wilkinson. London: Allen & Unwin, 1986 .93-121.

John Harris. "Organization in Children's Writing" in Reading Children's Writing . John Harris and Jeff Wilkinson. London: Allen & Unwin, 1986.46-73.

Deborah McCutcheon. "Domain Knowledge and Linguistic Knowledge in the Development of Writing Ability." Journal of Memory and Language 25 (1986): 431-444.

James Moffett. Teaching the Universe of Discourse . Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1968. 14-59.

Fiona Omerod and Roz Ivanic. "Texts in Practice." in Situated Literacies , ed. D. Barton, M. Hamilton, R. Ivanic . London: Routledge, 2000. 91-107

Connie Mayer. "Deaf Children Learn to Spell." Research in the Teaching of English 35:1. (2000): 35-65.

Teri Chavkin. Searching for Words: The Writing Processes of a Child with High-Functioning Autism. Unpublished Manuscript. 2004.

Steve Graham & Karen Harris. "Students with Learning Disabilities and the Process of Writing." Handbook of Learning Disabilities . New York: Guilford, 2003. 323-344.

Virginia Berninger & Dagmarr Amtmann. "Preventing Written Expression Disabilities..." Handbook of Learning Disabilities . New York: Guilford, 2003. 345-363.

James Britton et al . Development of Writing Abilities. (11-18). Macmillan, 1975. 106-190.

David Moore & J. Cunningham. "Agency and Adolescent Literacy."In Reconceptualizing Literacies in Adolescents' Lives. Mahwah NY: LEA , 1998. 283-302.